STRUCTURE OF CHROMOSOME

Detailed Study:


Brief Revision:

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=c2_fftARgPo

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Frequently Tested Topics:

  • Mitosis and Mitotic Diagrams

  • Difference between Mitosis and Meiosis

*Note that other aspects of the chapter are equally important.

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Important Past Questions

  • Name: a pair of corresponding chromosomes of the same shape and size and derived one from each parent. (2019)

  • Choose the ODD one out and name the category to which the others belong.

Centrosome, Cell wall, Cell membrane, Large vacuoles. (2018)

  • Given below are a group of terms. In each group the first pair indicates the relationship between the two terms. Rewrite and complete the second pair on a similar basis.

Eg: Oxygen : Inspiration : Carbon Dioxide : Expiration

i) TT : Homozygous : Tt : _________

ii) Adenine : Thymine : Cytosine : _______ (2017)

  • Choose the correct answer from the four options:

Chromosomes get aligned at the center of the cell during :

A) Metaphase B) Anaphase C) Prophase D) Telophase (2015)

  • Name the cross between two parents having one pair of contrasting characters. (2015)

  • Name the type of gene which in the presence of a contrasting allele is not expressed. (2014)

  • Choose the correct answer from the four options:

After mitotic cell division, a female human cell will have 

A) 44 + xx chromosomes

B) 44 + xy chromosomes

C) 22 + x chromosome

D) 22 + y chromosome (2014)

  • Give technical terms for: repeated units of DNA molecule. (2014)

  • Draw a well labelled diagram to show the anaphase stage of mitosis in a plant cell having four chromosomes. (2013)

  • Name: the physical expression of genes in an individual. (2013)

  • Given below are sets of five terms each. Rewrite the terms in logical sequence as directed at the end of each statement.

Karyokinesis, S-phase, Cytokinesis, G1-phase,  G2-phase (2012)

  • State whether true or false. If false rewrite the correct form of the statement by changing the first or last word only.

i) Lysosome is a part of the cell in which chromosomes are present. (2011)

ii) Centromere is the organelle of the cell that initiates cell division. (2011)

iii) Mitosis is the type of cell division occurring in the cells of injured parts of the body. (2010)

  • Name the type of cell division which occurs in the cells of the reproductive organs. (2010)

  • Give one difference on the basis of what is given in the brackets:

Karyokinesis and Cytokinesis (explain the term) (2010)

  • Draw a well labelled diagram to show the metaphase stage of mitosis in an animal cell having four chromosomes. (2012)

  • Give biological reasons: Gametes have a haploid number of chromosomes. (2012)

DIAGRAM BASED QUESTIONS

The diagram below represents a stage during cell division. Study the same and answer the questions that follow.

i) Identify whether it is a plant cell or animal cell. Give a reason in support of your answer.

ii) Name the stage depicted in the diagram. What is the unique feature observed in this stage?

iii) Name the type of cell division that occurs during:

1. Replacement of old leaves by new ones

2. Formation of gametes

iv) What is the stage that comes before the stage shown in the diagram?

v) Draw a neat labelled diagram of the stage mentioned in (iv) above, keeping the chromosome number constant. 

(2018)

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image_2021-04-16_122633_edited.jpg

Study the diagram given below which represents a stage during the mitotic cell division and answer the questions that follow.

i) Identify the stage giving suitable reasons.

ii) Name the parts numbered 1 and 2.

iii) What is the technical term for the division of the nucleus?

iv) Mention the stage that comes before the stage shown in the diagram. Draw a neat labelled diagram of the stage mentioned.

v) Which is the cell division that results in half the number of chromosomes in daughter cells?

(2017)

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The given diagram shows a stage during mitotic division in an animal cell:
i) Identify the stage. Give a reason to support your answer.
ii) Draw a neat labelled diagram of the cell as it would appear in the next stage. Name the stage.
iii) In what two ways is mitotic division in an animal cell different from mitotic division in a plant cell?
iv) Name the type of cell division that occurs during:
A) Growth of a shoot
B) Formation of pollen grains
(2016)

The diagram below represents a certain stage of mitosis.
i) Identify the stage of cell division.
ii) Name the parts labelled A and B.
iii) What is the unique feature observed in this stage?
iv) How many daughter cells are formed at the end of this type of division?
(2015)

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Given below is a diagram representing a stage during mitotic cell division. Study it carefully and answer the questions that follow.
i) Is it a plant cell or animal cell?
ii) Identify the stage shown.
iii) Name the stage that follows the one shown here. How is that stage identified?
iv) How will you differentiate between mitosis and meiosis on the basis of the chromosome number in the daughter cells?
v) Draw a duplicated chromosome and label its parts.
(2014)

The diagram below represents a stage during cell division. Study the same and then answer the questions.
i) Name the parts labelled 1, 2, and 3.
ii) Identify the above stage and give a reason to support your answer.
iii) Mention where in the body this type of cell division occurs.
iv) Name the stage prior to this stage and draw a diagram to represent the same.
(2011)

image_2021-04-16_175624_edited.jpg

Given below is a diagram representing a stage during mitotic cell division in an animal cell.
i) Identify the above stage. Give a reason to support your answer.
ii) Name the parts labelled 1, 2, 3, and 4.
iii) What is the function of part 3?
iv) Name the stage that comes just after the stage shown in the diagram. Draw a well labelled diagram of this stage.
(2010)

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